trigger_example.module in Examples for Developers 7

Trigger definition example module.

File

trigger_example/trigger_example.module

<?php

/**
 * @file
 * Trigger definition example module.
 */

/**
 * @defgroup trigger_example Example: Trigger
 * @ingroup examples
 * @{
 *
 * Trigger definition example module.
 *
 * Triggers and actions are a pair of special-purpose functions allowing some
 * Drupal programming without using PHP. Using the
 * appropriate action in a specific event, a site administrator can
 * add new functionality. Examples are:
 *  - Send an email after a node is published or edited.
 *  - Display a message after a user has logged in.
 *  - Display a message and send an email after a node has been deleted.
 *
 * A Trigger is a special function able to enqueue actions. The trigger module
 * provides the interface allowing us to associate certain actions with certain
 * triggers.
 *
 * Actions are functions intended to be run by triggers.
 *
 * A trigger should build the appropriate context for the action to be fired.
 * Actions are very often
 * grouped by functionality: examples are 'user', 'node', 'taxonomy'. When some
 * actions are grouped it is because they expect the same arguments. This way,
 * you can enqueue as many actions understanding the 'user' object as you want.
 *
 * Not all actions can be used in all triggers because they require different
 * contexts. But some actions
 * are generic enough to not require special objects in their
 * contexts, and so can be used on every available trigger. This 'group' type
 * is used by actions to be available for this trigger.
 *
 * What are good candidates to be triggers? Any function can be a trigger, as
 * long as it has the code to call the enqueued actions, but to make Drupal
 * more extensible, you will find hooks (from Drupal and contributed modules)
 * very good candidates. A trigger should build the arguments, ask for enqueued
 * actions and run them. You may define a function being a trigger, and run it
 * through a button in the front page, or you may prepare a trigger for a hook,
 * and everytime that hook is fired, your trigger will be.
 *
 * What are good candidates to be actions? any function is a possible action,
 * the only problem is finding a trigger able to run it.
 *
 * This module describes how to create triggers and actions for Drupal. In this
 * example we are providing two triggers:
 *
 * - A custom trigger, in its simplest form. We provide a page with a button.
 *   This button does nothing at all, but when you click (and submit the empty
 *   form), any actions you have configured will be executed.
 *
 * - A trigger which extends the capabilities of User triggers.
 *   This creates a new event which fires the first time a user ever logs in.
 *   In the module we will create it, and then provide a trigger for
 *   the administrator to be able to enqueue actions. They will be executed
 *   only the first time the user logs in the system.
 *
 * See:
 *
 * @link http://drupal.org/node/375833 Creating Triggers @endlink
 *
 * @link http://drupal.org/node/172152 Writing Actions @endlink
 *
 * @link http://drupal.org/node/199254 Triggers and Actions in Drupal 6 @endlink
 *
 * @see hook_trigger_info()
 * @see hook_trigger_info_alter()
 * Also see the @link action_example.module Action Example @endlink.
 */

/**
 * Implements hook_trigger_info().
 *
 * We call hook_trigger_info when we are defining the triggers we provide.
 * Triggers are the events that make fire any number of assigned actions. In
 * this example, we are registering our three new triggers, providing the group
 * (system, user..), the callback 'hook' (only informative, does not require a
 * real hook) function and the label to be shown in the triggers interface.
 *
 * Example: In the group (a tab) 'system', for the 'mail' functionality, show:
 * An email is sent by Drupal.
 */
function trigger_example_trigger_info() {
  return array(
    'user' => array(
      'user_first_time_login' => array(
        'label' => t('After a user has logged in for the first time'),
      ),
    ),
    'trigger_example' => array(
      'triggersomething' => array(
        'label' => t('After the triggersomething button is clicked'),
      ),
    ),
  );
}

/**
 * Triggers are used most of the time to do something when an event happens.
 * The most common type of event is a hook invocation,
 * but that is not the only possibility.
 */

/**
 * Trigger: triggersomething. Run actions associated with an arbitrary event.
 *
 * Here pressing a button is a trigger. We have defined a
 * custom function as a trigger (trigger_example_triggersomething).
 * It will ask for all actions attached to the 'triggersomething' event,
 * prepare a basic 'context' for them
 * and run all of them. This could have been implemented by a hook
 * implementation, but in this demonstration, it will just be called in a
 * form's submit.
 *
 * This function is executed during the submission of the example form defined
 * in this module.
 *
 * @param array $options
 *   Array of arguments used to call the triggersomething function, if any.
 */
function trigger_example_triggersomething($options = array()) {

  // Ask the trigger module for all actions enqueued for the 'triggersomething'
  // trigger.
  $aids = trigger_get_assigned_actions('triggersomething');

  // Prepare a basic context, indicating group and "hook", and call all the
  // actions with this context as arguments.
  $context = array(
    'group' => 'trigger_example',
    'hook' => 'triggersomething',
  );
  actions_do(array_keys($aids), (object) $options, $context);
}

/**
 * The next trigger is more complex, we are providing a trigger for a
 * new event: "user first time login". We need to create this event
 * first.
 */

/**
 * Implements hook_user_login().
 *
 * User first login trigger: Run actions on user first login.
 *
 * The event "User first time login" does not exist, we should create it before
 * it can be used. We use hook_user_login to be informed when a user logs in and
 * try to find if the user has previously logged in before. If the user has not
 * accessed previously, we make a call to our trigger function.
 */
function trigger_example_user_login(&$edit, $account, $category = NULL) {

  // Verify user has never accessed the site: last access was creation date.
  if ($account->access == 0) {

    // Call the aproppriate trigger function.
    _trigger_example_first_time_login('user_first_time_login', $edit, $account, $category);
  }
}

/**
 * Trigger function for "User first time login".
 *
 * This trigger is a user-type triggers, so is grouped with other user-type
 * triggers. It needs to provide all the context that user-type triggers
 * provide.  For this example, we are going to copy the trigger.module
 * implementation for the 'User has logged in' event.
 *
 * This function will run all the actions assigned to the
 * 'user_first_time_login' trigger.
 *
 * For testing you can use an update query like this to reset a user to
 * "never logged in":
 * @code
 * update users set access=created where name='test1';
 * @endcode
 *
 * @param string $hook
 *   The trigger identification.
 * @param array  $edit
 *   Modifications for the account object (should be empty).
 * @param object $account
 *   User object that has logged in.
 * @param string $category
 *   Category of the profile.
 */
function _trigger_example_first_time_login($hook, &$edit, $account, $category = NULL) {

  // Keep objects for reuse so that changes actions make to objects can persist.
  static $objects;

  // Get all assigned actions for the 'user_first_time_login' trigger.
  $aids = trigger_get_assigned_actions($hook);
  $context = array(
    'group' => 'user',
    'hook' => $hook,
    'form_values' => &$edit,
  );

  // Instead of making a call to actions_do for all triggers, doing this loop
  // we provide the opportunity for actions to alter the account object, and
  // the next action should have this altered account object as argument.
  foreach ($aids as $aid => $info) {
    $type = $info['type'];
    if ($type != 'user') {
      if (!isset($objects[$type])) {
        $objects[$type] = _trigger_normalize_user_context($type, $account);
      }
      $context['user'] = $account;
      actions_do($aid, $objects[$type], $context);
    }
    else {
      actions_do($aid, $account, $context, $category);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Helper functions for the module interface to test the triggersomething
 * trigger.
 */

/**
 * Implements hook_help().
 */
function trigger_example_help($path, $arg) {
  switch ($path) {
    case 'examples/trigger_example':
      $explanation = t('Click the button on this page to call trigger_example_triggersomething()
        and fire the triggersomething event. First, you need to create an action
        and assign it to the "After the triggersomething button is clicked" trigger,
        or nothing will happen.  Use the <a href="@actions-url">Actions settings page</a>
        and assign these actions to the triggersomething event on the
        <a href="@triggers-url">Triggers settings page</a>. <br/><br/>
        The other example is the "user never logged in before" example. For that one,
        assign an action to the "After a user has logged in for the first time" trigger
        and then log a user in.', array(
        '@actions-url' => url('admin/config/system/actions'),
        '@triggers-url' => url('admin/structure/trigger/trigger_example'),
      ));
      return "<p>{$explanation}</p>";
    case 'admin/structure/trigger/system':
      return t('you can assign actions to run everytime an email is sent by Drupal');
    case 'admin/structure/trigger/trigger_example':
      $explanation = t("A trigger is a system event. For the trigger example, it's just a button-press.\n        To demonstrate the trigger example, choose to associate the 'display a message to the user'\n        action with the 'after the triggersomething button is pressed' trigger.");
      return "<p>{$explanation}</p>";
  }
}

/**
 * Implements hook_menu().
 *
 * Provides a form that can be used to fire the module's triggers.
 */
function trigger_example_menu() {
  $items['examples/trigger_example'] = array(
    'title' => 'Trigger Example',
    'description' => 'Provides a form to demonstrate the trigger example.',
    'page callback' => 'drupal_get_form',
    'page arguments' => array(
      'trigger_example_form',
    ),
    'access callback' => TRUE,
  );
  return $items;
}

/**
 * Trigger example test form.
 *
 * Provides a button to run the triggersomething event.
 */
function trigger_example_form($form_state) {
  $form['triggersomething'] = array(
    '#type' => 'submit',
    '#value' => t('Run triggersomething event'),
  );
  return $form;
}

/**
 * Submit handler for the trigger_example_form().
 */
function trigger_example_form_submit($form, $form_state) {

  // If the user clicked the button, then run the triggersomething trigger.
  if ($form_state['values']['op'] == t('Run triggersomething event')) {
    trigger_example_triggersomething();
  }
}

/**
 * Optional usage of hook_trigger_info_alter().
 *
 * This function is not required to write your own triggers, but it may be
 * useful when you want to alter existing triggers.
 */

/**
 * Implements hook_trigger_info_alter().
 *
 * We call hook_trigger_info_alter when we want to change an existing trigger.
 * As mentioned earlier, this hook is not required to create your own triggers,
 * and should only be used when you need to alter current existing triggers. In
 * this example implementation a little change is done to the existing trigger
 * provided by core: 'cron'
 *
 * @see hook_trigger_info()
 */
function trigger_example_trigger_info_alter(&$triggers) {

  // Make a simple change to an existing core trigger, altering the label
  // "When cron runs" to our custom label "On cron execution"
  $triggers['system']['cron']['label'] = t('On cron execution');
}

Functions

Name	Description
trigger_example_form	Trigger example test form.
trigger_example_form_submit	Submit handler for the trigger_example_form().
trigger_example_help	Implements hook_help().
trigger_example_menu	Implements hook_menu().
trigger_example_triggersomething	Trigger: triggersomething. Run actions associated with an arbitrary event.
trigger_example_trigger_info	Implements hook_trigger_info().
trigger_example_trigger_info_alter	Implements hook_trigger_info_alter().
trigger_example_user_login	Implements hook_user_login().
_trigger_example_first_time_login	Trigger function for "User first time login".